Tissue represents an ecosystem of different cells carrying out different tasks. Specific types of cells exist in every organ, and serve specialized functions defined by the specific genes and proteins active in each cell type. Comprehensive maps of molecularly defined human cell types are underway through the Human Cell Atlas effort using primarily single cell RNA sequencing. The technologies to assemble spatial maps that will describe and define the cellular basis of health and disease is less well clear. We have developed and established the Spatial Transcriptomics technology, in which tissue imaging is merged with spatial RNA sequencing and resolved by computational means. Spatial Transcriptomics technology was the first method to provide unbiased whole transcriptome analysis with spatial information from tissue using barcoded array surfaces and has since the initial publication been used in multiple biological systems in health and disease. The method was featured in Nature Methods "Method of the Year 2020". This presentation will cover novel methodological and analytical aspects of the technology in the context of biological applications from cell atlas, neurology and cancer.